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Publication

Point of View #28

Jupiter and Mercury with Philemon and Baucis from the Rubens Workshop 

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0).
© KHM-Museumsverband

Front matter

pp. 1–3

Preface
This year’s Point of View addresses an issue that concerns authorship and collaboration in the creation of an artwork. The canvas painting Jupiter and Mercury with Philemon and Baucis is a fascinating instance of Rubens’s workshop production and illustrates how attribution practices have varied greatly over time. In recent years, research has examined Rubens’s workshop from different angles. In the following, the painting and its context will be explored against this background.

The authors would like to extend their thanks to several colleagues: Peter Kerber, director of the gallery, for inspiring debates; Guido Messling, who has been a dedicated curator of the Point of View series from the outset; Eva Götz, who shared her technological insights with us; Elke Oberthaler, director of the restoration workshop, who has benevolently supported the project; Teresa Krah and Selma Kurtagić for the practical realization of the small focus exhibition; Kirsten Pilling and Christine Surtmann for organizing the opening; Stefan Zeisler and his team for exceptional image material and graphical translation; Benjamin Mayr, who calmly managed this publication from behind the scenes; and last but not least, Karin Zeleny, for proofreading and editing the texts with her usual patience and expertise.

Gerlinde Gruber would also like to thank Elizabeth McGrath and Bert Schepers, who reviewed a version of the text and enriched it with their valuable comments.

Jupiter and Mercury with Philemon and Baucis from the Rubens Workshop

Gerlinde Gruber | pp. 4–14

Abstract
The canvas painting Jupiter and Mercury with Philemon and Baucis is a good example of Rubens’s workshop production and the methods of attribution that have varied greatly throughout the years. For contemporaries it was an original painting by Rubens, in the eighteenth century the painting was attributed to Jacques Jordaens, later it was again considered to be largely by Rubens’s own hand. It is now attributed to the Rubens workshop. The sitter’s hair lacks Rubensʼs energetic brushstrokes; the drapery is somewhat simpler and less voluminous. Typical of the workshop is the use of study heads, so-called tronies, as in the Viennese painting for the face of Baucis.

The Restorer’s Point of View

Michael Odlozil | pp. 15–16

Abstract 
The last restoration dates back several decades. The varnish has taken on a slightly grayish hue, and certain areas have become difficult to discern due to localized, darkened retouches. Faced with numerous changes visible in the infrared reflectography between the execution and the underlying painted sketch, the question arises whether this painting is truly a mere replica from the workshop. The observations lean towards the notion that a workshop member, using an oil sketch by Rubens as a template, might have crafted the Vienna painting.

A Rubens Assistant: Jan van den Hoecke

Gerlinde Gruber | pp. 17–19

Abstract 
The infrared reflectography suggests that the Viennese painting was made directly after Rubensʼ oil sketch, by an assistant. This could be Jan van den Hoecke, but in view of the attribution practice of the time and the fact that we still know too little about the assistants in the Rubens workshop, this cannot be answered conclusively.

Acknowledgements, Photography Credits, Colophon

p. 20

Published on the occasion of the homonymous exhibition.

Kunsthistorisches Museum Vienna

2 February 2024 to 12 January 2025

Publisher: KHM-Museumsverband
Edited by: Gerlinde Gruber
Texts: Gerlinde Gruber and Michael Odlozil
Copy-editors: Catherine Phillips, Karin Zeleny
Translation: Nadežda Müngersdorff
Graphic design: Johanna Kopp and Rita Neulinger
Image editing: Thomas Ritter

ISBN: 978-3-99020-248-7

Explore the series Point of View

The Picture Gallery of the Kunsthistorisches Museum owns numerous works not normally on display in the galleries or special exhibitions. Behind the scenes, however, research by art historians and conservators continues to uncover new information on handling and materials used in these paintings as well as on the artists who produced them and the works’ original function and impact. These results are regularly presented and published in our series Points of View.